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Chapter 714

Chapter 714

Xun Wen didn't know what Lin Xuan meant by writing two consecutive words, but felt that Lin Xuan was playing him like a monkey.

Lin Xuan put down the paper and said with a smile: "Newborn children are ignorant and ignorant, how can they say good or bad? It's like white paper, what does it matter if the words written on it are good or bad? It's the person who reads it .”

Good and evil are two sides of human nature.Good and evil are the result of people's gradual education and self-examination.If it is said that good or evil are the nature of human beings from the womb, is this inherited?This has become a disguised "bloodline" view.

What people can inherit is biological material and biological information rather than thought and morality.From the perspective of human biological instinct, the most basic human need is the need for survival.

Babies will "greedily" suck their mother's breast milk from birth, without teaching or education, everything is so primitive and natural.It is the nature of living organisms to live on food.This cannot be called evil, but it is the starting point of human nature.

Satisfaction → Possession of leftover food or belongings → Greed, plunder, prostitution, debauchery, and evil. This is the development line of "evil".In addition to being full of food, accepting goodwill education, curbing evil and promoting good, learning to share, helping others, and even sacrificing oneself for others, this is the development path of "goodness".

Lin Xuan's words caused many people present to fall into deep thought.

Some of them agreed with Mencius' words and some with Xunzi's words, but they never thought of combining the two thoughts.

In fact, they are not to blame for this. It is because the exclusive respect for Confucianism has caused the development of Confucianism to be somewhat pathological.

During the Warring States period, a hundred schools of thought contended. In order to get more people's recognition for their theories, they would constantly improve their theories.

However, after only respecting Confucianism, it not only hindered the development of other ideas, but also hindered the development of Confucianism.

Until later generations, the main idea of ​​Confucianism was not much different from that of the Warring States period.

Of course, Lin Xuan is not questioning the behavior of deposing a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone.

The Spring and Autumn Period was a period of great chaos among the vassal states. In order to dominate the world, the vassals and kings must reform. However, the decline of the previous Zhou Dynasty could not provide much reference for the reform. Therefore, all the vassals and kings are groping.

A powerful country must be guided by an advanced ideology. To build an ideology that can enrich the country, strengthen the army, and dominate the world, it needs talents.In order to make their country stronger, each vassal state will naturally recruit talented people in order to find out a set of advanced ideology and unify the world.It was a period of war, and the ideology guiding the development of the country was still being explored, and the princes and kings were thirsty for talents. Naturally, it is the general trend for a hundred schools of thought to contend.

After Qin Shihuang unified the world, the Qin Dynasty died in the second generation. It can be seen that although the severe punishments of the Legalists are suitable for unifying the world, they are not suitable for governing the world, so that it came to the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty chose Confucianism, which was relatively good at reconciling compared with Legalism.By establishing Confucianism as the mainstream thought, to educate the people of the world and maintain the long-term stability of the country.Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's exclusive respect for Confucianism is also a general trend.The stability of a dynasty does sometimes require a mainstream ideology, and this mainstream ideology cannot be too domineering and cold, such as Legalism, nor too gentle and casual, such as Taoism. Confucianism just reconciles the coldness of Legalism and the casualness of Taoism. Sexuality, on the one hand, alleviates class conflicts, and on the other hand, maintains social stability through enlightenment.

Therefore, whether it is a hundred schools of thought contending or Confucianism is the only respect, it is just a product of the general trend of the social environment at that time.

In fact, whether it is a hundred schools of thought contending or Confucianism alone, there are both good and bad.

The advantage of the contention of a hundred schools of thought is obvious, that is, it promotes people's cognition and thinking about the world, and ultimately contributes to the formation of a relatively complete social system; the disadvantage is that the grand occasion of the contention of a hundred schools of thought means opposing views, which can easily intensify conflicts. Intensify the war.

The advantage of exclusive Confucianism is that it is convenient for the country to unify the thought, which is of great help to maintain the long-term stability of the society; the disadvantage is not difficult to analyze, probably because the dominance of Confucianism has indeed played a certain role in hindering the development of other schools of thought.

Why do you say that both the contention of a hundred schools of thought and the exclusive respect for Confucianism are both good and bad?Because things must have two sides, when one end reaches its peak, it must develop towards its opposite.Just like the Spring and Autumn Period, when a hundred schools of thought contend, when the grand occasion of a hundred schools of thought reaches its extreme, it will go downhill, and many schools of thought will gradually disappear.It is not to say that it is not good for a hundred schools of thought to contend, but according to the law of transformation of things, there must be a culture that adopts the strengths of a hundred schools of thought to become the mainstream of society.This is Confucianism in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Many people may want to say that the exclusive respect for Confucianism is very extreme, and it would be good to let other theories disappear.

In fact, although Confucianism was the mainstream in the Han Dynasty's "respecting only Confucianism", it did not mean to suppress or completely eliminate other ideas. For example, Taoism and Buddhist culture were just as splendid in their own forms.Therefore, although it sounds like "confucianism alone" on the surface, in fact it has not reached the point where the whole country only talks about "Confucianism".Regarding culture, the ancient kings were still somewhat open.

It's just that as the feudal dynasty system gradually deepened, human society gradually developed, and Confucianism was indeed rigidly used in the late feudal dynasty.This rigidity pushes the "mainstream Confucian culture" to extremes.

Confucianism is not something he can shake, nor can he.

"What a person who reads and writes. Master Hou's words are really alarming. The old man has been educated." Fang Xuanling got up and bowed to Lin Xuan.

Lin Xuan hurriedly stepped aside and said, "I'm just saying that the family's words can't be true, and the housekeeper has betrayed me."

"No, the old man actually agrees with the theory that sex is good, and Master Hou's words made the old man wake up. People are born ignorant and ignorant, where does the distinction between good and evil come from." Fang Xuanling said.

What Fang Xuanling learned was Confucianism, but he was not a true Confucian student.

He also involved some ideas of Legalism and Taoism.

He also participated in the formulation of the laws of the Tang Dynasty.

So for Lin Xuan's words, he took it with a normal heart.

But those Confucian children are different. Although Lin Xuan's words made them feel something, although both Mencius and Xunzi are Confucian sages, Lin Xuan's statement still makes them a little hard to accept.

Especially Xun Wen, Xunzi is the ancestor of his family, and Xunzi's words are unquestionable in his opinion.

"Hou Ye not only refuted Xunzi's remarks, but now you have even refuted Mencius's remarks. Could it be that Hou Ye feels that he compares himself to the sages?" Xun Wen asked.

Lin Xuan said lightly: "I didn't mean to refute Xunzi and Mencius, nor did I feel that I could be compared with the sages. This is a debate. Since it is a debate, the views are naturally different. You take Xunzi's words as the topic of the debate. , I said that I questioned Xunzi as soon as I spoke, so is it possible that I should admit defeat directly?"

(End of this chapter)